Amagama angundoqo: I-VPH i-Solid-phase holographic grating, i-spectrophotometer yokudlulisa, i-Reflectance spectrometer, i-Czerny-Turner Optical path.
1.Amagqabantshintshi
I-fiber optic spectrometer ingahlelwa njengembonakalo kunye nokuhanjiswa, ngokohlobo lwe-diffraction grating.Igrayiti ye-diffraction yinto ebonakalayo, ebonisa amanani amakhulu eepateni ezibekwe ngokulinganayo kumphezulu okanye ngaphakathi.Lilungu elibalulekileyo lefiber optic spectrometer.Xa ukukhanya kudibana nezi grating, zisasazeke kwii-engile ezahlukileyo ezigqitywe ngamaza obude obahlukeneyo ngokusebenzisa into eyaziwa ngokuba yi-light diffraction.
Ngaphezulu: I-spectrometer ebonisa ucalucalulo (ekhohlo) kunye ne-spectrometer yokudlulisela (ekunene)
Igrayiti zokwahlulelwa zihlelwa ngokubanzi zibe ziindidi ezimbini: iReflection kunye neGrafti yoThutho.Igrayiti ezibonisayo zinokwahlulwa zibe yigrayiti ebonisa inqwelomoya kunye negrayiti econcave, ngelixa iigrayiti zothumelo zinokwahlulwa zibe yigrayiti yothumelo lohlobo lwegroove kunye nenqanaba lomthamo weholographic gratings (VPH).Eli nqaku lazisa ubukhulu becala i-spectrometer ye-plane blaze blaze-type reflectance kunye ne-VPH grating-type transmittance spectrometer.
Ngentla: Igrayiti ebonakalisayo (ekhohlo) kunye negrayiti yoThumelo (ekunene).
Kutheni uninzi lwee-spectrometers ngoku zikhetha i-grating dispersion endaweni yeprism?Ngokuyintloko kugqitywa yimigaqo ye-spectral ye-grating.Inani lemigca nge-millimeter nganye kwi-grating (ubuninzi bomgca, iyunithi: imigca / mm) imisela izakhono ze-spectral ze-grating.Ukuxinana komgca wokugrayitha okuphezulu kubangela ukusasazwa okukhulu kokukhanya kwamaza obude obahlukeneyo emva kokudlula kwigrayiti, ekhokelela kwisisombululo esiphezulu sokukhanya.Ngokubanzi, ukuxinana kwegroove ekhoyo kunye ne-grating ibandakanya ama-75, 150, 300, 600, 900, 1200, 1800, 2400, 3600, njl., ehlangabezana neemfuno zoluhlu lweembonakalo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezisombululo.Ngelixa, iprism spectroscopy ithintelwe kukusasazeka kwemathiriyeli yeglasi, apho ipropathi esasazekayo yeglasi imisela isakhono se-spectroscopic yeprism.Kuba iipropathi ezisasazekayo zemathiriyeli yeglasi zilinganiselwe, kulucelomngeni ukukhawulelana bhetyebhetye iimfuno zezicelo ezahlukeneyo zembonakalo.Ke ngoko, ayifane isetyenziswe kurhwebo oluncinci lwefiber optic spectrometers.
Inkcazo: Iziphumo zeSpectral zoxinzelelo lweegroove ezahlukeneyo kulo mzobo ungentla.
Umzobo ubonisa i-spectrometry yokusasazwa kokukhanya okumhlophe ngeglasi kunye ne-diffraction spectrometry ngokusebenzisa igrayiti.
Imbali yophuhliso lwe-gratings, i-startis kunye ne-classic "I-Young's double-slit experiment": Ngo-1801, i-British physicist uThomas Young wafumanisa ukuphazamiseka kokukhanya usebenzisa i-double-slit experiment.Ukukhanya kwe-Monochromatic okudlula kwi-slits ephindwe kabini kuboniswe ukutshintshiselana kwemiphetho ekhanyayo kunye nemnyama.I-double-slit experiment yaqinisekisa kuqala ukuba ukukhanya kubonisa iimpawu ezifana namaza amanzi (indalo yamaza okukhanya), ebangela uvakalelo kuluntu lwefiziksi.Emva koko, iingcali zefiziksi ezininzi zenze iimvavanyo zokuphazamiseka kwe-slit-slit ezininzi kwaye zabona i-diffraction phenomenon yokukhanya ngokusebenzisa i-gratings.Kamva, ingcali yefiziksi yaseFransi uFresnel wavelisa ithiyori esisiseko yokwahlukana kwegrayiti ngokudibanisa ubuchule bemathematika obuvezwe sisazinzulu saseJamani uHuygens, sizoba kwezi ziphumo.
Umzobo ubonisa ukuphazamiseka okuphindwe kabini kwe-Young ekhohlo, kunye nemiphetho ekhanyayo kunye nemnyama.I-Multi-slit diffraction (ekunene), ukuhanjiswa kweebhanti ezinemibala kwii-odolo ezahlukeneyo.
I-2.I-Spectrometer ye-Reflective
Iispectrometers ezibonisayo ngokuqhelekileyo zisebenzisa indlela yokubona eyenziwe yi-plane diffraction grating kunye nezibuko eziconcave, ezibizwa ngokuba yiCzerny-Turner optical path.Ngokuqhelekileyo iqulethe i-slit, i-plane blaze grating, izibuko ezibini ze-concave, kunye ne-detector.Olu lungelelwaniso luphawulwa ngesisombululo esiphezulu, ukukhanya okuncinci okulahlekileyo, kunye ne-optical throughput ephezulu.Emva kokuba umqondiso wokukhanya ungenile kwindawo emxinwa, iqala idityaniswe ibe ngumqadi onxuseneyo sisibonisi esijikozayo, esibetha igrayiti ecwangcisiweyo yokwahlukana apho amaza amaza akhoyo ahlulwe kwii-engile ezahlukileyo.Okokugqibela, isibonisi seconcave sijolisa ukukhanya okwahlukileyo kwi-photodetector kwaye imiqondiso yobude obuhlukeneyo irekhodwa ngamaphikseli kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwi-photodiode chip, ekugqibeleni ivelisa i-spectrum.Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-spectrometer ye-reflection ikwabandakanya ezinye izihluzi ze-diffraction-suppressing ze-second-order kunye neelensi zekholomu ukuphucula umgangatho we-spectra yemveliso.
Umzobo ubonisa uhlobo olunqamlezileyo lwe-CT optical grating spectrometer.
Kufuneka kukhankanywe ukuba uCzerny noTurner akubona abaqambi bale nkqubo ye-optical kodwa bakhunjulwa ngenxa yegalelo labo elibalaseleyo kwintsimi ye-optics-isazi seenkwenkwezi sase-Austrian uAdalbert Czerny kunye nososayensi waseJamani uRudolf W. Turner.
Umzila we-Czerny-Turner optical ungahlelwa ngokubanzi kwiindidi ezimbini: ukuwela kunye nokugqithiswa (uhlobo lwe-M).Indlela enqamlezileyo ye-optical path/M-type optical path ixinene ngakumbi.Apha, ulwabiwo olulingeneyo lwasekhohlo lwezipili ezibini zeconcave ngokunxulumene negrayiti yenqwelomoya, sibonisa imbuyekezo elinganayo yokuphambuka kwe-off-axis, okukhokelela kwisisombululo esiphezulu sokukhanya.I-SpectraCheck® SR75C i-fiber optic spectrometer isebenzisa i-M-type optical path, ifikelela kwisisombululo esiphezulu se-optical ukuya kwi-0.15nm kwi-ultraviolet uluhlu lwe-180-340 nm.
Ngaphezulu: Indlela yokubona yohlobo olunqamlezileyo/uhlobo olwandisiweyo (uhlobo lwe-M) indlela yokubona.
Ukongeza, ngaphandle kweegrayiti zomlilo osicaba, kukwakho ne-concave blaze grating.I-concave blaze grating inokuqondwa njengendibaniselwano yesibuko se-concave kunye ne-grating.Ke ngoko, i-spectrometer ye-concave blaze grating ibandakanya kuphela i-slit, i-concave blaze grating, kunye ne-detector, ekhokelela ekuzinzeni okuphezulu.Nangona kunjalo, i-concave blaze grating ibeka imfuneko kuzo zombini isalathiso kunye nomgama wesiganeko-esiphambukisiweyo sokukhanya, ukunciphisa iinketho ezikhoyo.
Ngasentla: Isixhobo sokulinganisa i-concave grating.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-26-2023